Thyroid diseases are prevalent all over the world. The burden of thyroid disease is also high in India. According to various studies on thyroid diseases, about 42 million people in India suffer from thyroid diseases. This review will focus on the prevalence of five thyroid diseases in India: (1) hypothyroidism, (2) hyperthyroidism, (3) goitre and iodine deficiency, (4) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and (5) thyroid cancer. The present review will also briefly discuss important studies in India that have addressed the use of thyroid hormones, particularly during pregnancy and childhood.1

In India due to lack of awareness about healthy diet habits, importance of exercise preferably among girls and women lead to genesis of Hypothyroidism.