Indian Journal of Agriculture Business

A journey of the agricultural scenario of India from its self sufficiency to it exploring different arenas in order to keep the farming community thriving with promoting the herbal harvest basically the aromatic and medicinal plants. In the light of the schemes like doubling farmer’s income by 2020, Aroma mission and Ayush mission a plethora of farming opportunities have arrived which could benefit the farmer and provide him with a consistent amount of returns for his hard work. It is a means of combining the traditional crops with the herbal crop for the sustainability of the farm and the farmer in today’s flickering environment of climate change.

Keywords: Self-sufficiency; Herbal harvest; Doubling farmers income; Farming opportunities; Sustainability; Returns.

The productivity of guava is presently much below the productive potential, due to traditional practices and prevalence of old and unproductive orchards with declining yield efficiency. Moreover, large trees take several years before they come into bearing and overall cost of production per unit area is further increased. The hitech and Innovative methods which include high planting density have been identified to increase guava production in India in order to be competitive in world market. The response of guava to training and pruning for canopy modification is well known. It is one of the most suitable for high planting density, as it bears on current season’s growth and responds to pruning. Modifications in pruning and training techniques influence plant spacing and production decision. Similarly, unpruned tall and crowded guava trees pose a number of problems while carrying out various cultural operations. Guava has a higher proportion of ‘shade’ to ‘sun’ leaves and their leaves are found photo synthetically inactive under deeper shade and act as unproductive sink. Therefore, vegetative growth, fruit yield and quality are functions of light interception and translocation of light energy into chemical energy.

Keywords: Guava; High density planting; Pruning; Productivity; Quality; Yield.

The transition period in dairy cows is defined as the last three weeks before parturition to three weeks after parturition, characterized by tremendous metabolic and endocrine adjustments that the cows must experience from late gestation to early lactation. Perhaps the most important physiological change occurring during this period is the decrease in dry matter intake around parturition and the sudden increase in nutrients that cows need for milk production. As a result remarkable changes, most of the infectious diseases and metabolic disorders occur during this time period like milk fever, ketosis, retained fetal membranes (RFM), metritis and displacement of the abomasum (DA) primarily affect cows within the first two weeks of lactation. Physical and metabolic stresses of pregnancy, calving and lactation contribute to the decrease in host resistance during the periparturient period. During two weeks before and after parturition the T-cells populations exhibit a significant decline, which contribute to the immune-suppression in dairy cows at calving leads to increased susceptibility to mastitis and other infectious diseases. Other diseases that are not clinically apparent during the first two weeks of lactation (laminitis, ovarian cysts, endometritis) can be traced back to insults that occurred during early lactation. Feeding and other Managemental strategies during transition period determines the cows productivity during the preceding lactation period. Providing the right nutrition during this period greatly improve the calving ease, cow and calf welfare, milk production and reproductive performance. Careful attention to minimize the depth and length of negative energy and protein balance are equally as important as the provision of adequate calcium, magnesium and phosphorus. Apart from the nutritional aspects, housing is also very important for effective management of transition cows especially to reduce the incidence of the probable complications arising out of metabolic disturbances.

Keywords: Down-calver; Endocrine; Ketosis; Laminitis; Metritis; Transition.

As a leguminous crop, pulse is the prime mover for ecological health of farm lands which are running under extensive cultivation. It is also one of the most preferred crops in the rain fed agroecosystem of Purulia. Specially in a rice-fallow agriculture, pulse is the main source of protein to millions and a dependable mentor of soil health. The present study has been conducted in Manbazar-1 and Purulia-1 blocks of Purulia district and data were collected from 75 respondents who are mainly small and marginal farmers. The selection of the respondents has followed the random sampling method by using an exhaustive list of pulse growers from selected locale. Higher marketable surplus and higher size of homestead land have got the most importance. The study has offered a unique micro level policy implication at a time when the entire Nation is trying to boost up pulse productivity and cultivation throughout the length and breadth of geography of India.

Keywords: Ecology of pulse; Marketable surplus; Marketed surplus; Productivity; Regression analysis and yield.

The comparative effect of different methods of irrigation such as, microsprinkler + drip (T1), surface (T2) and surface + drip (T3) was studied on Biometric development of Litchi. Surface and microsprinkler irrigation were applied to Litchi when there was intercrop, however drip irrigation was applied during lean period (no intercrop period). The highest crop canopy, 12.10 m2 was recorded in T 1 and lowest, 10.50 m2, in T2. The maximum girth (29.0 cm), shoot length (49.2 cm) and plant height (288.25 cm) were recorded in T1. The yield of Litchi obtained in T1, T2 and T3 was 374.72, 271.48 and 300.27 kg/ha respectively. The number of fruits, fruit weight and fruit diameter were also maximum in T 1. The significant increase of yield in T1, 38.02% over T2 and 10.60% over T3 and overall better performance of Litchi in T1 was might be due to frequent irrigation, uniform moisture distribution in the soil profile and better utilization of nutrients by the crop for its full growth during intercrop period.

Keywords: Biometric; Irrigation Methods; Litchi

Antibiotics are a major contraption exploited by the health care industry to curb bacterial infections. Consequently, unscrupulous practice of antibiotic plays a considerable role in emerging public health threat of broad concern to countries and multiple sectors crisis of antibiotic resistance. The concern becomes more considerable on future perspective as the global exploitation of antimicrobials for food animal production. Antibiotic residues from food have a dual concern; one is the potential threat of development of toxicity to humans and second is possible expansion of resistant strains and failure of antibiotic therapy in clinical cases. Even upon such perilous effect, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics indicates that antibiotic resistance is still a marginally concern question in India, where the use of antibiotics in agriculture is extensive.

Keywords: Antibiotic resistance; Food; RTE; Meat; Milk.

After 72 years of independence India is still suffering from the malicious problem of hunger and poverty. In the recent report produced by International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) India ranked 100TH in terms of hungry children and women, in count and status, whereas, 21.7 percent of it’s people are below the poverty line. According to National Crime Record Bureau, in the year 2015 the total numbers of farmers who have committed suicide is 5670. A survey of FAO reveals that nearly 75 percent of food insecure and vulnerable people are directly or indirectly related to agriculture. Another report of FAO has revealed that about 78 percent of the farmers are ready to quit agriculture. This is really alarming as well as distressing while we have made a call for complete digitization to create ICT driven modern India. Even in chronic hunger India’s position is worse than African countries and also some neighbouring countries like Bangladesh. Hunger is associated with poverty that refrain poor people to accept ample of food, in quantity and quality. If hunger is the consequence, poverty is certainly the cause and if both poverty and hunger are the consequences, the silence is the cause that is invasive, intrinsic and invisible by nature (sometimes may be). Hunger is a status which makes us physiologically stressed and weak, mentally insulated and psychologically depressed. Poverty can be measured in terms of income. In other way the other forms of poverty are educational starvation, cultural deprivation and social depletion. Silence can be perceived in terms of inability of a person to raise voices against discrimination, both social and economic atrocities as well as a decision to go silent whenever it needs to utter voices. On this preamble the present study was conducted in Beraberi GP under Nadia district of WB. 150 respondents were selected purposively and they were interviewed thoroughly with a structured interview schedule. The results of the study reveals that the cobweb of hunger are poverty are creating a chaotic situation as far as the social and economic issues are concerned. Miscommunication or no communication has been triggered as the root cause of this disillusionment.