Ophthalmology and Allied Sciences

Isolated medial rectus palsy in an otherwise healthy person is a very rare entity. It can be due to viral infections,
orbital myositis, orbital cysticercosis or due to small fne infarcts in midbrain involving lateral subnuclei of the
midbrain.These are the two case reports,one otherwise young adult female presented with sudden onset of blurring
vision with diplopia,abnormal head posture and pain with deviation of left eye and other a congenital case of 3
year female child patient with deviation of left eye and abnormal head posture.Typical or atypical inter nuclear
ophthalmoplegia should be ruled out after thorough clinical evaluation before making a diagnosis of isolated
medial rectus palsy.Isolated medial rectus palsy in an young patient may be masking a systemic disorder and
needs to be evaluated thoughrily.

Keywords: Isolated medial rectus palsy; Mid-brain infarct; Medial longitudinal fasciculus; Internuclear
ophthalmoplegia; Ocular tilt reaction.
 

Purpose: Evaluation of endothelial cell density (ECD) in patients of pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome with glaucoma (PEXG) and without glaucoma using specular microscopy. Material and methods: The study included 142 patients (236 eyes). In this group of patient we identified 166 eyes with PEX syndrome (80 with glaucoma, 86 without glaucoma) and 70 eyes without PEX syndrome. ECD was measured in each eye by specular microscopy. Results: ECD in eyes with PEX syndrome without glaucoma (2286 ± 348 cells/mm²) and in eyes with PEXG (2237 ± 353 cells/mm²) was lower than in the control group (2513 ± 265 cells/mm²) (P< 0.001). Conclusion: This research shows that in eyes with PEX syndrome, both with and without glaucoma, ECD was statistically significantly lower than in the control group.

Keywords: Psedoexfoliation syndrome; Pseudoexfoliation glaucoma; Endothelial cell density; Specular microscope.

Introduction: Cataract contributes to 62.6% overall ocular morbidity and is the main reason of avoidable blindness worldwide. Amongst the complications that follow cataract extraction, CME can occur inspite of utmost care. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-contact, non-invasive and quantitative imaging modality for assessing macular pathologies like CME. This study assessed the changes in macular thickness after an uneventful SICS and Phacoemulsification surgery. Study Design: The study was conducted amongst 100 consenting patients who underwent cataract extraction either via SICS or phacoemulsification. They were divided into two groups based on the same. Patients in whom pre-op OCT could be performed, those without any retinal/macular pathology and those had an uneventful cataract surgery were included in the study. Patients with existing macular pathologies, traumatic/pediatric cataract, eventful surgery with intra op use of drugs that could affect the macular thickness were excluded. Patients were examined pre-op and post op at 1 and 3 months. Observations and Results: The changes in mean CMT noted postoperatively at one month and at third month from preoperative mean CMT were statistically significant in both the study groups; however the intergroup difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: There is subclinical increase in macular thickness at 1 month postoperative period which resolves by 3 month postoperative period in both the groups (phacoemulsification and SICS) after uneventful cataract surgery. Increase in subclinical macular thickness has no effect on BCVA.

Keywords: SICS; Phaco; OCT; CME.