Ophthalmology and Allied Sciences

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of dry eye in ophthalmology out patients At a tertiary carehospital and its possible association with various clinico epidemiological factors. Patients and Methods: This was a hospital based cross sectional study involving 390 patients who visited ophthalmology OPD in a tertiary care hospital. Patients who are aged more than 40 years irrespective of their dry eye related complaints. Tear film break up time was used as an indicator for the diagnosis of Dry eye disease. The study span was of 10 months. Results: Overall prevalence of DED was 51.6% among the patients. The prevalence of DED was more among elderly population as well as among patients who are having diabetes and hypertension with prevalence of 59% and 49% respectively. Females constituted more in number as well as they had higher prevalence of DED 55.8%. Burning sensation and watering was present in 39% and 32% of DED patients respectively. Conclusion: This study reflects a major burden of DED among the routine out patients. We observed various contributing factors for dry eye such as age, female gender, outdoor jobs, Tobacco consumption, Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Meibomian gland disease, antiglaucoma medications and contact lens use to name a few. There is need to educate general public regarding the awareness and sensitivity toward the symptoms of DED. Further studies need to be undertaken

Background: The present study aimed to study the role of citicoline as an adjuvant to patching in unilateral Amblyopia. Methodology: The study was conducted at atertiary care centred ,during the study period of 1 year on 50 patients presenting with mild to moderate amblyopia. Patients were subjected to detailed history and ocular examination using a slit lamp. Results: 24% patients belonged to the age group of 7-8 years of age. About 52% cases were females. Citicholine with patching therapy was used in 25 cases (36% strabismus cases, 32% anisometropia and 32% combined ) and patching therapy was used in 25 cases ( 32% strabismus , 40% anisometropia and 28% combined ). Conclusion: Though this study has its limitations nonetheless it shows that adding citicoline in addition to patching therapy can significantly influence the visual acuity in amblyopia patients.

Objectives: This study was done to evaluate and compare PCI and AUS measured axial lengths and accuracy of IOL power calculation using UBII IOL power calculation formula. Methods: patients undergoing cataract surgery underwent ocular biometry and IOL power calculation using PCI and AUS using Universal Barrett II formula. The subjects were randomized into 2 groups PCI and AUS respectively to receive the IOL power accordingly. The post op refractive spherical equivalent was evaluated and the groups were compared using residual refractive error and absolute residual refractive error at 6 weeks post-op.Comparison of axial length, IOL power between the two groups was done using the Bland-Altman plot and the agreement between the predicted refraction and the final refraction in both groups was compared using paired student-T test or Mann-Whitney test. Results: Total 119 subjects were analyzed with 61 and 58 subjects in the Group PCI and AUS respectively. The two groups (PCI and AUS) comparable with reports to age, gender and laterality. The average axial length, predicted IOL power, residual refractive error and absolute residual refractive errors were statistically similar between both the groups. Conclusions: The PCI and AUS are similarin measuring ocular axial length and can be used interchangeably with UBII formula for reasonable post cataract surgery refractive accuracy.