Ophthalmology and Allied Sciences

Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma (APRP) and its clinical applications had drastically improved in the field of plastic surgery in the recent times. The efficacy of Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma (APRP) forburnsis widely seen to have reduced scarring effects. APRP is an increasingly popular adjunct in surgical, medical and aesthetic interventions. Their beneficial effects lie in their ability to deliver a high concentrate of growth factors. In this study we study the efficacy of APRP therapy in wound bed preparation of scald burns.

Keywords: APRP; Scaldburn; Wound bed preparation.

Aim: To evaluate the visual outcome in grade IV nuclear cataract after small incision cataract surgery.

Materials and Methods: A prospective study of 100 patients with grade IV nuclear cataract (grade IV) were reviewed. All patients underwent small incision cataract surgery with effective technique of minimal hydrodissection and copious viscoelastic usage. The surgical techniques used, intraoperative complications, preoperative and postoperative visual acuity and the causes of impaired visual acuity after surgery were examined.

Results: Among 100 patients, majority of the patients were from 61-70 years age group (i.e., 52%), mean age of the study population was 65.42 +/- 8.56 years, males were predominant in our study with male to female ratio as 1.71:1. Intraoperative complications included iris injury (2%), posterior capsular rent (3%), aphakia (3%), post operative complications included epithelial edema (5%), stromal edema (6%), anterior chamber reaction (5%), iritis (5%). Snellen’s visual acuity on day 1 was > 6/18 in 85% cases, and after one week was> 6/18 in 90% cases. BCVA after 6 weeks was >6/18 in 98% cases.

Conclusion: Visual outcome in patients with grade IV nuclear cataract is good when surgery done after proper pre-op assessment, with thorough planning. Experienced surgeons with proper knowledge of the technique during the surgery.

Keywords: BCVA; Grade IV nuclear cataract; Intraoperative complications; SICS; Visual outcome.

Purpose: Comparison of contact technique with immersion technique in terms of axial length measurements in cataractous eyes & to compare prediction errors in these eyes as measured after surgery.

Materials & Methods: Randomised control study done in 101 patients from December 2019 to June 2022. IOL Power was calculated using SRK/T formula in both groups. Prediction error was compared along with BCVA in contact and immersion technique.

Results: Postoperatively out of 51 cases 24 cases (47.05%) were in the estimated target refractive group (-0.25 to -1 D) and immersion group showed 49 cases (98%) within the estimated target refractive group (-0.25 to -1D). Mean prediction error in contact group was -0.85 ± 0.74 and immersion group -0.25 ± 0.16 with “p” value of <0.001 which is clinically significant.

Conclusion: There was a significant difference in ocular biometry measurement with the contact and immersion ultrasound technique. Precision of immersion technique is better than contact technique.

Keywords: Axial length measurement; Contact technique; Immersion technique; Prediction error.

Evaluation & comparison of corneal endothelial cell density and cell morphology changes between type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and age matched controls.

Materials and methods: A case control study is conducted at the out patient department at S Nijalingappa Medical college HSK Hospital and Research Centre, Bagalkot from December 2019 - June 2021. A total of 130 study subjects, patients were enrolled into two groups, 65 patients known case of diabetics and 65 non-diabetic age matched controls. All patients under went complete ophthalmic evaluation along with endothelial cell parameters.

Results: The mean endothelial cell density in diabetic group was significantly reduced compared tonon diabetic. There was higher co-efficient of variation and lower hexagonal cells in diabetic group.

Conclusion: The study concludes that the endothelial cell density was lower in diabetic group compared to controls. Thealtered endothelial cell morphology was significantly seen in form of polymegathismand pleomorphism (hexagonality). We also found that there is some positive correlation with duration of disease and endothelial cell densityin diabetic group.

Keyword: Diabetes Mellitus; Endothelial Cell Density; Co-efficient of Variation; Hexgonality.