Indian Journal of Agriculture Business

Paneer is an important indigenous product which is obtained by heat treating the milk followed by acid coagulation. It has been a delicacy from ancient times which can be used in the preparation of a variety of culinary dishes and snacks. Paneer is a rich source of animal protein and is characterized with marble white color, sweetish, mildly acidic taste, nutty flavor, spongy body and closely knit and smooth texture. Conventional method of paneer has various limitations viz. wastage of milk solids, variation in quality of paneer, lack of mechanization in manufacturing, etc. Another constraint in large scale manufacturing of paneer is short shelf life. To meet ever growing demand of paneer and to overcome these limitations, myriads of studies has been done by researchers to develop new techniques for manufacturing paneer and to promote its hygienic production. Various technological innovations in paneer manufacture and methods of shelf life extension have been reviewed in this article. Paneer being an established product offers a great prospective for value addition. 

Nutraceuticals are  the normal food substances which possess medicinal value in addition to their nutritive value. Usage of nutrients in the treatment of disease conditions is an age old practice.  Due to the development of resistance to the antibiotics in therapy new approaches have been made to explore rich Indian flora to come up with alternatives to the modern medicine. Nutraceuticals are  the one which in combination or alone can be used the treatment of various disorders in veterinary medicine. The commonly used neutraceuticals such as prebiotics, probiotics and antioxidants like curcumin are used generally to improve growth as well as health conditions of the animals.The application of the neutraceuticals as the therapeutic agents in modern medicine will reduce the amount of the antibiotic as well as the risk of development of side effects.

Keywords: Neutraceuticals; Curcumin; Prebiotics; Colostrum. 

India is enriched in its livestock resources with a total livestock population of 512.05 million out of which buffalo alone comprises of about 22.23% (108.702 million). Among total buffalo population in our country only approximately 53 millions are the breedable females. Farmers especially in northern India un-doubtly, prefer the keeping of buffaloes as predominant milch animal since it is a triple purpose (milk, meat and draught) animal as compared to that of dual purpose cattle. They are reared mainly for milk production with meat as an adjunct. Buffalo bulls are also a important source of draught power. Buffalo meat have a good dietary value i.e. it is lean and contains less saturated fat compared to beef and pork. Buffalo plays a significant role in Indian economy because it contributed more than 56% of total milk produced in India and about 30% of total meat production in the country. However despite this potential and growth, the sector is not well integrated. 

Keyword: Draught Power; Economy; GDP; Milch; Triple Purpose. 

However, the majority of youth is   aware about media and understood   that media play positive perception towards youth crime. The vast information through media the youth has encouraged protection from crime. The news media aware the youth from crime. News media play a positive role in Delhi rape case and through media its interpretate in whole world and aware the girls from crime. Critical to linking the consumption of crime-related media with punitiveness is effectively arguing that media representations are framed in a way that promotes and encourages punishment. Media create awareness in people from victims. Sometime media present unbiased news so it is media responsibility that they go beyond the crime and present actual image of crime. Youth were daily sometime listening the news aware about crimes which are falling in society.    

Keywords: Youth; Opinion; Crime; Reflect; Trends. 

In India, farmers concentrate mainly on crop production which is invariably subjected to a high degree of uncertainty in income and employment. To sustain the income and productivity, the farmers has to integrate ancillary propositions with crop production. Under such circumstances, it will be required to undertake some land use based enterprises which will complement their existing farming activity to get more income and employment, leading to better standard of living. Such enterprises include crop husbandry, dairy, piggery, backyard poultry, goat keeping, sericulture, etc. The objective of the study is to identify the components of Integrated Farming System, to estimate the percentage of contribution of each enterprises in income generation, to estimate the socio economic status of the tribal peoples and to generate micro level policies. To conclude the work, following independent and dependent variables were taken: Age, Education, Family Education Status, Family Size, Educational Aspiration, Farm Mechanization, Farm Size, Economic Status, Adoption leadership, Scientific Orientation, Risk Orientation, Management Orientation, Orientation towards Competition  and Annual Income of farmers. State Tripura, district West Tripura, block Kamalghat and village Shantipara were selected purposively as because there are more number of Tribal farmers and the number of respondents 82 were selected randomly. By analyzing the data with statistical tools, such as, Frequency, Percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation, Coefficient of Variation and Factor analysis, the following results were obtained: Among the component enterprises, contribution of piggery is highest and Forestry is lowest towards income generation of the farmers as all the respondents are tribal people. Socio-Economic profile concludes that most of the villagers are middle aged, have land holding of 1 to 5 acres, studied up to primary school, resides in mixed type of houses and have annual income up to Rs 1,50,000.

Keywords: Annual Income; Productivity; Tribal Farmers; Socio-Economic Status; Integrated Farming System; Enterprises. 

A study was conducted in Kanpur district on awareness of respondents in terms of turmeric, Neem and its products from Zone of Kanpur with 180 respondents. 38.4% females were belonged to general category, backward and SC/ST were 27.8, 27.8. Both have same rate respondents were unmarried, respectively. 55.10%t respondents belonged to nuclear family and 44.4% belonged to joint family respectively. 55.6%respondents were in service, 16.7% in business and 27.7% were housewives respectively. 27.8% belonged to high income group. It was found that 93.3% respondents were aware about turmeric powder. From the studies it was concluded that medicinal plants for beauty purpose plays an important role in women beauty. Through studies was knew about medicinal, plants their uses about these plants. How much adoption rate of plants, some have higher amount of adoption rate. Women are too much aware about they use a lot of products for beauty.    

Keywords: Medicinal Plants; Home Remedies; Women Beauty; Awareness; Turmeric; Neem; Product. 

The paper examined the sorghum prices in Maharashtra state, using 12 years prices obtained from APMC Varanasi and AGMARKNET. The result revealed a very low coefficient of variation (C.V) which is an indication of stability in price of sorghum. In changing climate scenario, farmers are experiencing increased cost of production as well as risk of low output in many crops, which are more remunerative. Due to these high risks, farmers are either under debt or depression. Maharashtra Govt has also put a ban on cultivation of sugarcane due to water crisis in the state. Under these circumstances, sorghum may be an alternative option, being drought tolerance and having very low variability in prices. It is suggested that sorghum production should be encouraged in the Maharashtra and linkage between farmers and processing industry may be strengthened to produce highly nutritive products from sorghum. 

One of the major bacterial diseases that affect poultry industry is the Colisepticeamia, caused by Escherichia coli. The present study emphasise on understanding pathogenic potential of the extra-intestinal avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolated from heart blood of infected broiler chickens. The in-vitro pathogenicity studies carried on APEC isolates showed a clear haemolytic pattern on 10% Sheep blood agar and tested positive for biofilm formation. The multidrug resistant pattern of the APEC isolates along with biofilm formation made it difficult to control the disease. The in-vivo pathogenicity tests studied in day old chicks provided an understanding of the pathogenicity of the APEC isolates. The APEC isolates developed infection slowly with clear clinical signs that ends in 100% mortality of the infected chicks. The re-isolation of the injected APEC isolates from heart blood of the dead chicks clearly indicates the significance of virulence posed by the extra-intestinal avian pathogenic E.coli in developing Colisepticaemia.

Keywords: Escherichia Coli; APEC; Pathogenicity; Haemolysin; Biofilm.