International Journal of Pediatric Nursing

 Infancy and childhood are of paramount importance in determining and patterning the future behavior and character of children. Childhood is the period of depending .Gradually; children learn to adjust in environment. But when, there is any complexity around them they cannot adjust with those circumstances. Then they become unable to behave in the socially acceptable way & behavioral problems develop in them. These behavioral problems are mainly due to failure in adjustment to external environment & presence of internal conflict. Behavioural problems always require special attention.

 A pre experimental one group pre test post test was conducted to assess the effectiveness of health education programme on knowledge and practice on home care management of diarrhoea among 50 mothers of underfive children in selected wards of Arattupuzha Panchayat. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge of the mothers and an observational checklist to assess the practice of ORS preparation. The study results found that majority of mothers had poor knowledge in the areas of signs and symptoms 26(52%) and preparation of ORS 22(44%). The mean post test knowledge score (26.1) is significantly higher than the mean pre test score (13.36), shows the effectiveness of the educational programme (p<0.05). Only 3(6%) had good practice on ORS preparation and the mean post test practice score (8.98) is significantly (p<0.05) higher than the pre test practice score (5.06). Thus the study findings strongly suggest that the health education programme is inevitable to improve the knowledge and practice of the mothers, thereby reducing the child mortality due to dehydration and prevent the occurrences in future. 

 The aim of the study to assess the knowledge regarding care of newborns undergoing phototherapy among staff nurses by using a non experimental descriptive survey design with the help of a self structured questionnaire which contains 30 items of questions. Non Probability purposive sampling technique was used in this study. The results showed that, out of 30 samples, 70% have moderate knowledge, 30% have inadequate level of knowledge and unfortunately, no one has adequate knowledge regarding phototherapy and there is no significant association with level of knowledge and selected demographic variables like age, educational qualification, professional experience and so on (p>0.05). In conclusion, Nurses has to acquire more knowledge on care of newborns undergoing phototherapy in order to prevent the ill effects from faulty practices of delivering phototherapy. 

 The cases of drug trafficking and the children involved in the crimes hiked in the past few years. Considering this fact a descriptive study was undertaken by the investigator to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding ill effects of substance abuse among adolescent boys. The other objectives of the study were knowledge and attitude of adolescent boys, to correlate knowledge with attitude, to associate knowledge and attitude with selected demographic variables of adolescent boys and to develop a self instructional booklet regarding ill effects of substance abuse. Multi stage random sampling was done to select 100 samples. Data collection was done through structured knowledge questionnaire to assess knowledge regarding ill effects of substance abuse and attitude was assessed using five point Likert scale. Following the collection of data the investigator distributed self instructional booklet regarding ill effects of substance abuse. Regarding the results, about 89% of adolescent boys possessed moderate knowledge, 11% of adolescent boys had inadequate knowledge and none of them possessed adequate knowledge regarding ill effects of substance abuse. Considering the attitude, about 83% of adolescent boys had moderately favourable attitude, and 13% had favourable attitude and only 4% had unfavourable attitude towards ill effects of substance abuse. With regard to correlation there was a negative correlation between knowledge and attitude regarding ill effects of substance abuse. Considering the association there was no significant association between knowledge as well as attitude with selected demographic variables.

 Background: Biomedical waste is waste which produce during diagnosis, treatment (medical, surgical), and immunization. All small and big health care centres are generators of Biomedical Waste Management. There are approximately 75-90% non-risky waste and 10- 25% risky waste that cause various injuries and communicable disease. Objectives: To assess the knowledge, practices and reasons of noncompliance among Health care Personnel regarding Biomedical Waste Management; to find out the relationship between knowledge and practices of Health care Personnel regarding bio-medical waste management; to determine the association of Knowledge, Practices with selected variables. Method: Non-experimental descriptive Survey design was used in this study. 148 Health Care Personnel were selected by the total enumeration sampling technique. The tools for data collection were structure Knowledge Questionnaire to assess knowledge, Observation  checklist to assess the Practices, Rating Scale to assess the Reasons of non-compliance Biomedical Waste management. Result: showed that the doctors (32.1%) and nurses (63.6%) had very good level of knowledge and fourth class workers (87.5%) had poor level of knowledge regarding Biomedical Waste Management. doctors (90.9%) and nurses (76.4%) had poor level of Practice while fourth class workers (57.5%) had poor level of Practice.There is no co- eletion between Knowledge and practice of health care Personnel.The association between knowledge, practices of health care personnel and selected variables was found non- significant at 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion: Knowledge and practices of health care personnel is not adequate insufficient supply of resources, Lack of awareness inadequate man power were reasons of non-compliance regarding biomedical waste management.  

 Currently the most important scheme in the field of child welfare is the ICDS scheme. The blue print for the scheme was prepared by the department of social welfare in 1975. The project was sanctioned in October 1975. ICDS scheme was launched on 2 October 1975, the 106th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi the father of nation. Therefore, a study was conducted to assess the knowledge regarding ICDS services among mothers at selected [1]. Research design was cross-sectional descriptive design. The study was conducted at Anganwadi centres, Tirupati. Population includes mothers of under-five children. Sample size consists of 100 mothers of under-five children under inclusion criteria. Non-probability convenient sampling technique was adopted based on inclusion criteria. A structured knowledge questionnaire is used to assess the knowledge regarding ICDS services among mothers. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Study findings revealed that out of 100 mothers 53(53%) had moderate knowledge, 38 (38%) had adequate knowledge and only 9 (9%) had inadequate knowledge regarding ICDS services. The mean knowledge regarding ICDS services among mothers is 23.14 with the standard deviation of 4.362. There is a significant association between knowledge regarding ICDS services with age of mother, educational status of mother, educational status of father, monthly income, religion at p<0.01 level. A majority of mothers were having moderate knowledge regarding ICDS services and demographic variables were statistically significant, and hence it can be concluded that, there should be improve knowledge regarding ICDS services by providing education regarding various services for different groups in order to improve the utilization of ICDS services to improve maternal and child health.