International Journal of Pediatric Nursing

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains one of the largest preventable burdens of disease in the world. It is perceived as a disease of childhood, acquired by streptococcal throat infection of the tonsillo-pharynx, leading to an inflammatory reaction that involves many organs, including the heart. However, cases in children of 5 to 14 years of age are likely to represent only 15% to 20% of all cases within all age groups of vulnerable populations. Rheumatic heart disease is the most common cause of multivalvular disease in developing countries. Unless aggressive and timely intervention in the form of valve replacement is pursued, the condition progresses rapidly to disability and death. Hemodynamic superiority and thromboresistance are the normal selection criteria for these prostheses, although the surgeon’s experience and the ease of insertion, availability and cost of the valve also play important roles. A strict adherence to optimal anticoagulation levels optimizes protection against thromboembolism and anticoagulation-related hemorrhage, and helps to provide the patient with a good quality life.

Keywords: Rheumatic Heart Disease; Valve Repair; Mitral Valve Regurgitation.

Adolescence is a period of rapid, physical and psychological development. It is a time when critical behaviours are shaped that will have impact on the rest of the life. The invention of the cell phone, appearance of computers, laptops, and internet communication has become a vital link in communicating with others. Though technology has innumerable benefits, it can affect teen’s future, if not used cautiously. Overuse of technology results in poor health, lack of interest in studying and poor study habits. They may become screen slaved, socially challenged persons also as narcissist or violent persons. They may become victims of cyber criminals. Parents, elders, teachers and people interested in social welfare should take active measures.

Keywords: Adolescence; Teens.

The main aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of primary school teachers and effectiveness of computer assisted planned teaching program on health appraisal of school children in selected schools of Dhamtari District, Chhattisgarh. Keeping the objectives of the study in view, the researcher selected one group pretest and post-test pre-experimental design. The study was carried out in a group of 50 primary school teachers from selected schools of Dhamtari Chhattisgarh, selected by non-probability purposive sampling and a selfstructured questionnaire was administered to assess the knowledge of primary school teachers. After pre-test a computer assisted planned teaching program on health appraisal of school children was administered. Data collection was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results of the study revealed that primary school teachers have average knowledge

Keywords: Health Appraisal of School Children; Primary School Teacher. 

Growth and development is a process of growing to maturity. Development is a lifelong process of physical, behavioral, cognitive, and emotional growth and change. It transforms from infanthood to childhood, childhood to adolescence, and adolescence to adulthood and during these phases enormous changes take place. During these phases an individual passes through a variet to challenges and adjustment processes. One needs to understand and study how human being is related to the feelings, growth and development of self and others. Various models for the relationship that occurs in each of human being’s growth and development process. Old age is the “Heritage” which is needed for any past or future references. Certain pre-requisites that any elderly may follow in order for this smooth transformation and a child can be an agent in this transformation.

Keywords: Growth; Development; Child; Aging; Family; Human Development; Development Models. 

Objective: To determine the medication errors in Pediatric outpatient practice at a tertiary care institute, Eastern India. Design: Hospital based cross sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Pediatric outpatient department of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, 2014 May and June. Methodology: 40 outpatient pediatric prescription were evaluated for drug dosage error. Results: Out of 40 prescription papers 4(10%) there was no mentioned of provisional clinical diagnosis and seven Papers (17%) had dosage error. In 21 (52.5%) cases there was no mention of route of administration of the drugs. Conclusion: Dosing error in paediatric outpatient department is a common problem.Training regarding writing of prescription is essential for the residents before they are posted in paediatrics OPD. Intermittent continuous medical education of residents are required on regular basis.

Keywords: Medication; Pediatric; Medication error. 

The study attempts to evaluate the effect of Self Foot Reflexology on stress among school children at selected schools in Thalassery. Aiims: The objectives of the study are to assess the level of stress among school children, evaluate the effect of self foot reflexology on stress among school children and to find the association between Stress and Selected Variables. Settings and Design: Quasi experimental approach with Non-equivalent Pretest Post design was used in the study. The study was carried out in selected Schools at Thalassery. The sample comprised of 128 school children studying in eighth and nineth classes, selected by Multi stage sampling. Pilot study was conducted in16 sample and the tools were found to be feasible. Methods and Meterial: The reliability of the rating scale to assess the level of stress was 0.845. Data collection was done from 22nd January to 20th of February 2013. Data was collected by administering a Questionnaire and rating scale before and after self foot reflexology. Statistical analysis used: Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The results of this study showed that most of sample (51.56%) has mild stress whereas only 6.25 % have severe stress. About 42.18% of sample has moderate stress. The study reveals that there is significant reduction in stress after self foot reflexology (t126=5.258 and t63=4.841). A relationship between stress and selected variables like Income of family and stress Management Programs were noticed. Conclusion: The findings of this study support the need of self foot reflexology to help the school children to combat various stress situations in their daily life which will help them to be a healthy citizen.

Keywords: Stress; School Children; Self Foot Reflexology. 

The present study assessed the physical status and nutritional status of preschool children who are attending anganwadi. Objectives of the study: To determine the health status of rural pre-school children in terms of physical assessment. To determine the health status of rural pre-school children in terms of nutritional assessment. To find the association of health status (physical) of pre-school children with selected demographic variables. Methodology: The research Methodology use for study that, Research design- Non-experimental descriptive design, Study Setting - Anganwadi centre, Research Approach -Non-experimental descriptive approach. Results: The results were drawn based on the following findings. The study findings revealed that majority of the subjects who attend Anganwadi centers were in the age group of 2 to 5 years. The most common illness, which affected pre-school-child population, was fever and acute respiratory tract infection. It was observed that majority of the subjects (40) who attended Anganwadi centers had very good health states (score 50-64). Major area of deviation from normal was nasal discharge (20), dental caries (26) & tooth deposits (14) Majority of the subjects 81% had normal height, weight, mid-arm circumference and only 19% of the subjects had their height below ICMR mean height. Nutritional status of subjects studied was satisfactory compared to NFHS- 2 data. There were only 18 subjects (8%) among 3 years. 25% among 4 years and 35.7% among 5 years) having Grade-1 Mild) Mal-nutrition.

Keywords: Health Status; Rural; Preschooler Childrens; Anganwadi Centre; Mortality Rate; Physical Assessment; Nutritional Assessment; Malnutrition. 

Most infants can be safely and adequately cared for in either incubator or radiant warmer bed. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the implementation of standard warmer protocol causes a greater influence in maintenance of normal physical parameter of the Low Birth weight babies. One group pre-post test only design was adopted for this study. Total enumerative Sampling technique includes 60 low birth weight babies weighing below 2500g admitted in Tayma general hospital during the study period. Tools consist demographic variables and physiological parameters such as temperature, heart rate, respiration, oxygen saturation, activity, appearance/ colour, fluid status, feeding capacity/24hrs were monitored The data were collected over 3 months by Bio physiological method (in-vivo). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the date. The result showed standard warmer protocol is effective in maintaining normal physiological parameter of LBW babies in NICU.

Keywords: Standard Warmer Protocol; Physiological Parameters; Low Birth Weight Babies and NICU 

 Nursing practice is surrounded by many legal aspects because nurses are accountable for their professional judgments and action. For the implementation of high quality of nursing practice in the world of latest medical technological advances a good knowledge of legal aspects of health care is necessary. The enactment of various legal provisions like Consumer Protection Act, India, 1986 (CPA), Right to Information Act, 2005 (RTI), and standardization of procedures and practices has brought nursing care under the legal ambit and focus, more than ever before. The purpose of the present study was to determine the level of knowledge regarding medico legal aspects of patient care among nurses working in a selected hospital of Kerala.The study utilized a non experimental approach, and descriptive design. The target population was staff nurses working in the selected hospital, Thrissur, Kerala. A total of 48 staff nurses who were working in cardiology and cardiothoracic wings of the selected hospital wasrecruited using purposive sampling. Findings revealed that, majority of 91.7% of study participants had inadequate knowledge while 4.2% each had moderately adequate and adequate knowledge. None of the participants reported to be aware of medico-legal cases against nurses in India and in the working institution. Knowledge regarding medicolegal aspects of patient care was only found to be asso  ciated with total years of experience (p=0.000), but not with other variables. The study highlights on the need to strengthen nurse’s knowledge on medico legal aspects of patient care.

Keywords: Knowledge; Medico- Legal; Nurses.

Background: Phototherapy consists of exposing infants to blue light, which is close to ultraviolet light on the light spectrum. Infants with jaundice caused by high levels of bilirubin, a byproduct of the breakdown of old red blood cells are exposed to the light, which changes the shape of the molecule, allowing the body to excrete it properly. The aim this study to assess the knowledge of Third Year B. B. Sc, Nursing Students with neonatal jaundice on effects of phototherapy. Material Method: A quasi experimental study used to conducted a total number of students were selected 30 B.B.Sc Nursing Student in MINS College of Nursing, latur, in July 2016.With their demographic variable, data was collected by using structure questionnaire before and after video teaching programme the data was interested using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: The result of the study revealed that video teaching effective as the knowledge score shows improvement from ‘Inadequate’ (76.6%) to ‘inadequate’ 2(6.6%) from pretest to posttest respectively. There was a significant difference found between pretest and posttestknowledge, at p< 0.05 level. A significant association found between knowledge and demographic variables like age, sex, previous experience and experience‘t’ test (2.02) at p<0.05 level. Conclusion: Majority of students demographic variables are highly signifience after the video teaching programme the hypothesis is accepted.

Keyword: Phototherapy; Video Teaching; Newborn and Nursing Student

 A study includes 50 preschool children, a quantitative, descriptive study. Purposive sampling technique were adopted, basic anthropometric were assessed, and it was found 1 child is 3rd degree malnourished, 9 children were 2nd degree malnutrition, and 12 children were 1st degree malnourished, and 28 children were well nourished.

Keywords: Anthropometric; Malnutrition.

 Context: According to World Health Organization (WHO) report coronary artery disease (CAD) is the largest cause of death, and by 2020, the low- and middle-income countries including India will also have ischemic heart disease as the most frequent cause of death and greatest disease burden. Various behavioral risk factors responsible for CAD include unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use, stress. Aim: Estimate the prevalence of various behavioral risk factors for CAD among adolescents, Thrissur district, Kerala. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional descriptive design was used and study was conducted in the selected schools of Thrissur district, Kerala. Materials and Methods: Schools were selected using a multistage cluster sampling technique. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Results & Conclusion: It was found that 79.2% and 42.7 % don’t engage in one hour daily physical activity and exercise during weekdays and weekends resp. Of all 5.1% and 95.9% of children spend more than two hours in front of the screen during weekdays and weekends resp. Out of all 64.5 % and 33.3% don’t consume vegetables and fruits daily resp. The research identifies that 17.8% consume hotel, junk foods regularly at least 2-4 times in a week. 54.2 percent of adolescents were regularly (2-4 times in a week) consuming some fried foods; 7.2% were daily consumers. This study points out a very high prevalence of various behavioral risk factors among adolescents of Kerala. Hence calls for an urgent need for population based strategies implemented at local and national level to prevent escalation of CAD.

Keywords: Coronary Heart Disease; Behavioral Risk Factors; Adolescents.

Children are our future and our most precious resource. For most of the children, breast feeding makes the difference between life and death and so breastfeeding is rightly said as the infant’s “Passport of life”. Breast milk not only is the best for the infants, lack of breast feeding during first few months of life are important risk factor for infant and childhood morbidity and mortality. A dirty breast harbours germs and when an infant sucks from it, it leaves them susceptible to various infections. Some of the common infections that can result from a child sucking dirty breast include diarrhoea. The objectives of the study were to assess the level of knowledge of nursing mother regarding breast hygiene and breast feeding, to assess expressed practice of nursing mothers regarding breast hygiene and to seek relationship between the knowledge of breastfeeding and practice of nursing m others. For present study, sample comprises of 60 nursing mothers and purposive sampling technique was used. A structured interview schedule was prepared to assess level of knowledge regarding breast hygiene and breastfeeding and the expressed practice of breast hygiene of nursing mothers. A descriptive survey design was adopted. Majority (52%) of the mothers were having moderate knowledge. According to their practice score , majority (63.33%) were having average practice score regarding breast feeding and breast hygiene.

Keywords: Knowledge; Practice; Mothers; Breast Feeding; Breast Hygiene.