International Journal of Pediatric Nursing

The Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are a family of autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorders that annually affect 1:100,000 live births worldwide. This family of diseases results from mutations in one of 14 different genes that share common clinical and pathological etiologies. Clinically, the diseases are subcategorized into infantile, late-infantile, juvenile and adult forms based on their age of onset. Though the disease phenotypes may vary in their age and order of presentation. The article depicts a case study of 7 year old male child is a known case of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. At the age of 3 years he had one seizure not associated with fever, he had decline since 5 years of age and his vocabulary came down this is a late infantile type of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses the importance of history taking, physical assessment and medical intervention were done. Pathological hall marks of NCL include the accumulation of storage material or ceroid in the lysosome. progressive neuronal degeneration and massive glial activation. Advances have been made in genetic diagnosis and counseling for families. Current diseases management is primarily targeted at controlling the symptoms rather than curing the disease. The discussion will provide an overview of the therapeutic approaches currently being pursued in preclinical and clinical trial to treat different forms of NCL as well as provide insight to novel therapeutic approaches in the development for the NCL.

Keywords: Neuronal Ceroid; Lipofuscinoses (NCL).

Children have many worries related to the consequences of COVID-19 such as whether they will see their friends and relatives, go to school or get sick. It is often difficult for parents to calm their children’s anxieties because of the uncertainty in their lives. They are encountered with various emotional & Mental health problems. Evidences from various research studies indicated various mental health problems among children. Further research are needed to assess the overall effect of covid 19 Pandemic in children.

Keywords: Mental Health Distress; Children.

Malnutrition among under-five children is an important concern for the health authorities in India. The aim of the present review was to assess the burden of under-nutrition and over-nutrition, its determinants and strategies required to tackle malnutrition among under-five children in India. Recent data were collected from Google search, Medline, and others. The information retrieved was reviewed and analyzed for discrepancies. Existing evidence shows that the prevalence of under-nutrition among under-five children was high and varied widely (under-weight: 39-75%, stunting: 15.4-74%, wasting: 10.6-42.3%) depending on the assessment methodology adopted. Studies on assessment of over-nutrition status among under-five children were limited. Distribution of various types of risk factors and its influence on nutrition status of children in a given set up should be analyzed for planning the control measures.

Keywords: Malnutrition; Under-five children.

Children were capable only of throwing their feet arms and other body parts about. Toddlers who have a clear sense of self definition are likely to establish boundaries between themselves and strangers by claiming their own toys they may clutch their toys saying mine gradually they learn the importance of negotiating or shearing,though it may be difficult at first. They should not be encouraged to give up their toys until they are older and can understand the play with others involves exchange enjoyment. In this age group play stimulates all area of growth and development. They take keen interest in listening to stories and studying pictures in books. Play with dolls making sand edifices is an equally engaging occupation for them.

Keywords: Caregivers; Perceptive; Knowledge; Growth; Development.

Introduction: FGDs (focus group discussions) are commonly conducted in research to have a deeper understanding of a phenomenon and for various others reasons. Also in respect to vaccination among children and adolescents, fgds have been conducted for studying coverage, hesitancy, refusal, knowledge, attitude and other variables. Methods: Studies conducted after the year 2000 till 2020 have been reviewed using search results from pubmed, DOAJ and Google Scholar. Studies that meet eligibility criteria and quality assessment (CASP) were reviewed using PRISMA guidelines. Results: all the studies included were of high quality. 14 studies met the eligibility criteria and quality assessment criteria according to CASP checklist with score ≥7. This included 11 qualitative and 3 mixed method studies using FGDs as a part of their study. The studied aspects were parents and caregivers knowledge, experience, perceptions, attitude, health system barriers and decision making process and factors affecting it. Conclusion: there is high variability in the number of participants, sessions conducted and total sample size that ranged from 3-13, 1 and 12-98 respectively depending upon data saturation which seems to have been attained early in these cases. The knowledge and attitude regarding vaccination is seen to favourable except for few vaccines like MMR and hepatitis. Some health system barriers have also been identified but are limited to underdeveloped countries. Overall vaccination coverage and the related factors and the concerns about vaccination decision are determined by parent’s education status and information provide by HCPs.

Keywords: Parents; Caregivers; Focus group; Vaccination; Children.

Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic created multiple problems throughout the world. The virus severity disturbed routine activities and dragged into the worst situation. Globally, millions of people affected and lost their lives. The education system is seriously impacted due to this uncertain situation. This study aimed was to understand the student’s opinion and interest in E-learning. Method: A survey online-based descriptive study was conducted among 320 nursing students, selected from various institutions, India. Non-probability snowball sampling technique was used, data gathered from social media through. Result: A sample characteristic of participants the majority of students were female 287 (89.7%), were studying in diploma nursing 223 (69.6%). Most of the students were less than 22 years 231 (72.2%), anxiety i.e 16% of students were worried, 34% nervousness, 32% tension, and 18% apprehension, respectively. The students show interest in traditional teaching and the majority of students were secured about online classes. Conclusion: A study concluded that the majority of participants worried about their professional development. However,e-learning is not much impact on students’ academic performance. Thus, the majority of students demonstrate distress, anxiety, and depression towards Online classes. Traditional classes are help to improve the self confidence and more secured to the students.

Keywords: Online class; E-learning; COVID-19; Traditional lasses; Anxiety

I have a far consequences on the overall development of the country. Diarrhoea refers to the passage of three loose or more watery stools per day. Diarrhoeal disease is the second leading cause of death under five years of age. Every year 5,25,000 deaths occur. Globally 1.7 billion diarrhoeal cases every year. (WHO, May 2017). Objectives: The main objectives was to assess the Knowledge, Belief and Practices and to correlate the Knowledge and Belief , Belief and Practices, practice and knowledge of mothersraphic variables of mothers. Methods: The data collection was done during 2014 after ethical clearance form ethical committee KMCH. Design: the study design was descriptive correlation; variables studied were Knowledge, belief and practice. Results: Statistical computations was done by SPSS and the study revealed that the mothers edge, Belief and Practice showed significant relationship, Knowledge and Belief (r = 0.24), Belief and Practice (r = 0.01) Practice and Knowledge (r = 0.12). So the study concluded that what the mothers believed and the knowledge they possessed brought desirable practice of feeding during diarrhoeal episodes.

Keywords: Knowledge; Belief; Practice; Feeding; Diarrhoea; ORS; SSS; Mothers; Children.