International Journal of Pediatric Nursing

Introduction: The Dandy Walker Malformation is a congenital defect affecting the cerebellum, the back part of the brain that controls movement, behaviour and cognitive ability. The central part of the cerebellum (the vermis) is absent or very small and may be abnormally positioned. The incidence rate is approximately 1 per 25,000 – 35,000 live births and the male and female ratio is 1:3.

Patient history: Master Rupesh aged 8 years was admitted in A.V.B.R.H. on 18/08/2019 is diagnosed with a known case of dandy walker malformation and came with the complaints of headache since 4 days, fever since 3 days, vomiting since 5 days and 3 episodes of seizures for which he has been taking ayurvedic medication.

Clinical finding: The patient has undergone various kind of blood test, CSF examination, CT scan, EEG record and MRI brain. The CBC reports were found as Hb% - 14.2 gm%, RBC – 5.23 M/cu. mm, WBC- 10800/cu.mm, platelets - 2.85 lacs/cu.mm; whereas the CSF reports were found with increased protein-CSF,i.e. 300mg/dl and the CT scan as well as MRI reports has shown that a large posterior fossa cyst with open communication with fourth ventricle with hypoplastic left cerebellar hemisphere and non visualized cerebellar vermis S/O dandy walker malformation and mild to moderate hydrocephalus.

Pharmacology: The patient was treated with NSAIDs, anti-biotics, anticonvulsant, antiemetic and antacid.

Surgical Management: The patient underwent V.P. shunt.

Nursing management: Checked for head circumference regularly, vital signs hourly, provided vitamins enriched diet as per dietician’s order and assisted dressing for drainage.

Conclusion: The patient was admitted in A.V.B.R.H. in a critical condition with the chief complaints of headache since 4 days, fever since 3 days, vomiting since 5 days, 3 episodes of seizures, poor muscle tone and ataxia due to developmental delay, but after providing the required treatment by the health care team members of A.V.B.R.H., the patient’s condition was improved and satisfactory.

Worldwide, retinal deficiency of prematurity, or (ROP), continues to be a major cause   of blindness and visual impairment in preterm infants. Control efforts face substantial  obstacles as the frequency of ROP and its associated visual impairment continue to rise in
some locations despite breakthroughs in newborn child care. The objective of this article is  to present a summary of the current understanding of ROP, including risk factors, screening  recommendations, pathophysiology, and therapy approaches. Premature children, especially   those delivered before 32 weeks of pregnancy or weighing less than 1500 grammes at birth,  are more susceptible to ROP because of aberrant retinal vascular development in these cases.  ROP is influenced by a number of risk factors, which can include low birth weight, prolonged   oxygen therapy, and systemic disorders. For the proper early detection and treatment of ROP,  timely screening with retinal examination is essential. Surgical intervention in severe cases,  anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections, laser therapy, and observation   are among the management techniques for ROP. The results for newborns with ROP have   improved thanks to developments in ophthalmology and neonatal care; yet, issues like longterm follow-up and access to care still need to be resolved.
 

Introduction: The onset of menstruation denotes the landmark event in pubertal    development of adolescent girls. It is essential to ensure that the school girls have enough  and proper understanding about the hygiene to be maintained during menstruation. A poor
knowledge in this aspect may lead to unsafe practices that in turn increase the chances of   various Reproductive Tract Infections in the future, leaving risks of far reaching consequences   on the wellbeing, dignity and overall health.  Aim: The present study was conducted to assess the effect of Video Assisted Teaching on  knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene among girls in selected schools, Kannur District.  Methods: A descriptive & evaluative study, using a self administered questionnaire was   conducted. The sample consisted of 234 school girls in classes 5, 6 and 7 in selected schools   of Kannur district aged 10-13 years, selected through convenient sampling technique. A  structured knowledge questionnaire was used to collect the data. The data were analyzed  using descriptive and inferential statistics on the basis of objectives of the study.  Results: The results of the study depicted that there is an increase in the mean scores of   knowledge in post test (16.51), than the pre test (12.07), which means that the Video Assisted   Teaching was effective.  Discussion: The study conducted among school girls in selected schools revealed that there  is lack of knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene among school girls. It is a shocking fact that the girls do not have enough knowledge regarding the most important physiological process  of the human female reproductive system. It is the need of the hour to take necessary steps to   impart the essential knowledge to the adolescents through various media.
 

To maintain a good oral hygiene, both the parent and the child must work together. It is seen   that poor attitude of parents generally reflect as a poor oral health in children and vice versa.   Mother’s oral hygiene knowledge and attitude influence oral hygiene of their children at an   early age. The parents with proper oral hygiene knowledge and attitude are likely to positively  influence their children’s oral hygiene.  Aims: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding oral hygiene of children   (3-5 years) among mothers. Settings and Design: The study was conducted in Paediatric OPD of Dayanand Medical  College and Hospital. Descriptive design was used in the study.  Methods and Material: A descriptive research design was used for present study.
Convenience sampling technique was used to select a sample of 100 mothers. Structured  questionnaire to assess knowledge, Likert scale to find out attitude and checklist to assess the practices were used as tools. Statistical analysis used: The data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.  Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to assess the correlation between the variables and  ANOVA test was used to find out the association between variables.  Results: The findings of present study revealed that 64% mothers had average knowledge   regarding oral hygiene of children. 87% mothers have favourable attitude and 97% had  satisfactory level of practices regarding oral hygiene of their children. The study reveals that   there is positive correlation of knowledge with attitude and practices regarding oral hygiene  among mother of children (3-5) years  Conclusions: It is concluded that majority of mothers exhibited favourable attitude and   satisfactory level of practices and have less knowledge regarding oral hygiene of children.
 

Academic achievement is regarded as a key life accomplishment, shaping prosperity, welfare,   and security. Education is pivotal, influencing individual happiness, satisfaction, comfort, and overall well-being. Our study examines the correlation between mental health and academic  performance in adolescents aged 17-21 (sample size: 300). Surprisingly, our findings indicate
no significant relationship between mental health and academic performance. To enrich our  research, we considered three Indian and four international reviews from reputable journals  published between 2018-2023, identified through PubMed and Google Scholar, utilizing  specific keyword search criteria. This exploration aims to contribute insights into the intricate  interplay between mental health and academic success in the adolescent demographic.