Journal of Social Welfare and Management

Performance management (PM) includes activities which ensure that goals are consistently being met in an effective and efficient manner. Performance management can focus on the performance of an organization, a department, employee, or even the processes to build a product of service, as well as many other areas. PM is also known as a process by which organizations align their resources, systems and employees to strategic objectives and priorities. Today organizations are showing a high degree of commitment towards reinforcement of reward practices which are aligned with other HR practices and the goals of the organization for attracting, retaining and motivating employees. Efficient reward practices helps in attracting result driven professionals who can thrive and succeed in performance based environments. Hence, it is a crucial motivator and may contribute towards the enhancement of the productivity of the employees if implemented properly. For example, Continental Airlines as a part of their turnaround strategy introduced on time bonus incentive package according to which an employee will gain a bonus of $65 every month for ensuring on time flight operations.

Keywords: Meaning of performance management; Importance; Reward system; Benefits of performance based rewarding approach; Pay for performance strategy.   

Entrepreneurship amongst women has been a recent concern. The numbers of women-owned businesses have grown tremendously and are proving to be a successful segment of the business world. This paper based on an exploratory study of 110 women entrepreneurs undertaken in the medium scaled city of the state of Gujarat. It includes information related to training, business, family relationship and adjustment made by women entrepreneurs, their views on entrepreneurship & problems experienced by them when they venture out to carve their own niche in the competitive world of business environment. Motivational factor for women entrepreneurs in this study are pull factors such as need for independence, self fulfillment, flexibility in work and need for a challenge. They give credit to their husbands as they confessed that it was their husband’s idea to establish their own enterprise. Women received family support in all ways especially moral and economic support and due to that reason; they did not find it difficult to combine business and home obligations.

Keywords: Problems of women entrepreneurs; Women empowerment; Women entrepreneurs. 

The present study deals with the changes in occupation of Baseri tribe in Iran as an impact of urbanization. This work includes a thick description about Baseri’s occupation in traditional and city life followed by critically analyzing changes in occupation pattern among them as a consequence of urbanization and modernization. The economic structure of the Baseri tribe is generally based on pastoralist agriculture. The pastoral economy of the Baseri depends on the utilization of extensive pastures and the Baseri invest labor in anything else than the care of animals to satisfy the immediate needs for comfort of the household members. It requires organized and systematic division of labor within the tribe. This study is essentially based on comparative approach of social-cultural anthropology and  development. Comparison is made to analyze the changes in traditional occupation during migration among Baseri in rural and urban settings. The primary data were collected through direct interview of 400 Baseri households in Marvdasht city of Iran. The findings of research show the impact of urbanization on Baseris occupation in urban life, and changes in nature of occupation of Baseri tribe. Today due to urbanization, development and adoption of modern life style the base of economy is changing.

Keyword: Urbanization; Occupation; Economic organization; Baseri tribe.  

Pulses contain more protein than any other grains and vegetables. Cultivation of pulses helps to maintain soil fertility through the nitrogen fixation. They are cultivated in many parts and consumed in all parts of the world. The main focus of this paper is to identify and compare the variables, which identify the yield of pulses for Large and Small farmers cultivating Black Gram (BG) and Green Gram (GG) in Tuticorin district, the study area. Multistage stratified random sampling technique has been adopted for the study. The proportionate random sampling technique has been adopted to select 150 each of Black Gram and Green Gram cultivating farmers from these 15 villages. The data relate to the month of November 2012. In the study area,out of 300 sample farmer’s cultivations Black Gram (BG) and Green Gram (GG), 150 sample farms are under the category of Black Gram and remaining 150 sample farms come under Green Gram. It may be concluded from the analysis of Green Gram of pulses farmers, fertilizer was found to be a significant variable in the case of Large farmers. Whereas in the case of Small farmers, capital flows were the most important variable influencing the yield of pulses. 

Keywords: Agriculture; Pulses; Small and marginal farmers; Yield; Multiple linear regression.

Women and girls in India have more than matched with men and boys and have contributed significantly to economic growth and social upliftment of the country. The just-released data from the Indian 2011 census has refocused the world’s attention on the dark side of India’s demographic change a low and falling ratio of girls to boys. For the last 40 years, each successive census has found the number of young girls shrinking relative to boys. Even though women and girls are stepping out of the traditional occupation of agriculture and are marching ahead in the service sector, manufacturing and I.T. industry, they continue to maintain their hold on traditional arts and crafts. Amusingly, the deterioration in the child sex ratio has occurred in spite of rising living standards and improvements in every other indicator of human development such as average life expectancy, infant mortality, male and female literacy, fertility rate, and schooling enrollment of children. 

Keywords :Economic growth;Social upliftment;Demographic change; Infant mortality; Literacy

Human resource management is the process of bringing people and organizations together so that the goals of each are met. It tries to secure the best from people by winning their wholehearted cooperation. In short, it may be defined as the art of procuring, developing and maintaining competent workforce to achieve the goals of an organization in an effective and efficient manner. HRM is a strategic approach to the acquisition, motivation, development and management of the organization’s human resources. It is a specialized field that attempts to develop an appropriate corporate culture, and introducing programmes which reflect and support the core values to the enterprise and ensure its success. Thus, according to Flippo, human resource management is “the planning, organizing, directing and controlling of the procurement, development, compensation, integration, maintenance and reproduction of human resources to the end that individual, organizational and societal objectives are accomplished.” 

Keywords: Strategic human resource management; Objectives and functions of SHRM.