Journal of Social Welfare and Management

 In the annul of evolution of violence in Sri Lanka, the conflicts did not arise all of a sudden, but evolved gradually from long standing various sources of conflict and disagreements. Although the developmental issues are not only responsible for starting and sustaining the violent conflict, they still remain a significant factor in the history of various pogroms occurred in the country. The analysis of the genesis of Sri Lankan ethno political conflict reveals that the history of development in Sri Lanka also has its linkages to the dynamics of conflict and peace initiatives. The objective of this paper is to explore the ways in which development is implicated in the story of evolution of violent conflict in Sri Lanka. The first section outlines the implication of development in the evolution of conflict dynamics during the colonial period and the second section portrays the development and its linkages to the evolution and dynamics of conflict and peace process during post-independence, specially focusing on the emergence of conflicts in the periods of post 1977s, Post 1983s, 1990s, peace process and the post peace process. The final section concludes emphasizing the development is necessary, but not enough to sustain peace.

Keyword: Development; Evolution; Violent Conflicts

 The manufacturing of the high quality Carbon Iron or Steel in India has attracted the attention of historians, archaeologists and scientists. Each one has delt the subject in their own way. In the present article an attempt has been made to understand the subject in total perspective. The scope of the article is limited to Medieval India. The survey of the literature reveals that Indian Steel  was very popular during the medieval period of history.

Keywords: Crucible; Indian Steel; Pulad; Damascus Blades; Madras Wootz; Ingots.

 From the several decades it has been consider that twentieth Century will be the century of women. Women have campaigned to win the rights and to build, side by side with men. At the current rate of progress it will take a very long time to bring about equality in decision making between men and women in all areas. In terms of human rights and social justice such equality is absolutely vital; it is also the best way to promote change with a human development. The world will be a better place if women will have equal access to management positions. Training should be provided to women for growth and technological developments.

Keywords: Women; Women Empowerment; Spirituality in Women Empowerment; Women Motivation.

  the female Beedi workers at Tirunelveli district. The research selected 160 female beedi workers for the study using a purposive sampling method. Statistical tools like percentage, average, chi square tests, Cramer’s V, standard deviation, t tests, and probability analysis were used. In order to find out whether there is any correlation between the family size and income of respondents, chi-square test has been applied. As the calculated value of Chi-square is greater than the table value at 5 percent level of significance, there is a relationship between the income of the respondents and their family size. It reveals that out of 160 beedi rollers 83.64 percent of beedi rollers reported they are facing frequent headache problem, 79.64 percent of beedi rollers said they have pain in the limbs and shoulder; 74.58 percent of beedi rollers said they have back pain, 68.67 percent of beedi rollers complained of eye problems and irritation, 36.48 percent of Beedi rollers said the long hours of sitting create pain in joints. 19.73 percent of beedi rollers complained about the gastric problem and 17.98 percent of beedi rollers complained other problems like fever, cough, cold etc. 14.69 percent of beedi rollers complained skin related problems, 12.63 percent of beedi rollers reported frequent body-ache, 11.98 percent of beedi rollers said they were are facing respiratory problem due to smell of tobacco. Women Beedi workers having been facing lot of problems. They do not have any basic facilities. The welfare scheme for women Beedi workers are not reaching them. They are deprived of then basic rights and they are exploited by the contractors. So there is an urgent need for the protection of Beedi workers to overcome in their lives’. The researcher has identified the socio-economic conditions of women Beedi workers and their health problems which will help the government and NGO’s to take remedial measures to promote the welfare of Beedi workers and to protect their rights.

Keywords: Beedi Workers; Women Headed Families; Unorganized Sector; Working Conditions; Child Labour; Health Hazards.

 This study examines the relationship between the CEO duality and the financial performance of BSE listed companies in India. To accomplish this, data were sourced from the websites of 50 selected companies’. Simple random sampling is used for selecting sample unit and the study mainly depend on secondary data from published sources. CEO duality in a financial year (Annual report 2014) is taken as independent variable and Return on Asset, Earnings Per Share, Calculated ROA and Current Ratio were taken as dependent variables. It is found that there exists a negative relation between CEO duality and ROA and Calculated ROA but no significant relationship with other variables considered for the study.

Keywords: CEO Duality; Financial Performance; Board Composition; Corporate Governance.