Journal of Social Welfare and Management

In recent times, the world is experiencing enormous improvements in all walks of life due to the rapid development in education. It has achieved a state of “knowledge explosion” in the present world order and education has created a novel global society of intelligence. However, these developments are, in general, found in the almost developed western nations. The third world countries, though marked some substantial improvements in education, are faced with several still unsolved issues, particularly in relation to primary and secondary education. This paper attempts to compare and contrast the contemporary challenges involved in enhancing the quality of education at primary and secondary levels in two South Asian countries, Sri Lanka and India and to make suggestions to solve this issue. The first section of this paper deals with the challenges and hurdles in primary and secondary education in India and Sri Lanka and the second section gives potential suggestions to solve these issues in these two countries.

Keywords: Knowledge explosion; Substantial improvements; Contemporary challenges. 

Solid waste refers to any garbage, refuse, sludge from a waste water treatment plant. It contains organic as well as inorganic matters, which are produced by various activities of the society. Solid waste referred as a non liquid material that no longer has value to the person who is responsible for the generation of the product. In the 21st century, the sustainable management of municipal solid waste (MSW) will get to be distinctly fundamental at all periods of effect from wanting to configuration, to operation, and to decommissioning. Municipal solid waste management is a critical element towards sustainable metropolitan consists of segregation, storage collection, processing, and disposal of solid waste to lower its impact on environment. (Kumar, et al, 2009) [2]. Reutilization of solid waste is not a feasible option in context of solid waste management. (Kasseva & Mbuligwe, 2000) [3]. Rule of SWM should be taken in such a way that ground realities and allow time for suitable processes should be developed. Rag pickers are working for unorganized sectors, thus proper organized sectors for the reuse and recycling of waste needs to be put in place, thus reducing the load on transportation and landfill.

Keywords: Solid Waste; Solid Waste Management; Sustainable; Reutilization.

Adolescence is a dynamic period of growth and development that bridges childhood to adulthood while being distinctively different from both groups. Adolescence is characterized by many interrelated change of body mind and social relationships. The objectives of study were to assess the self concept and adjustment levels and to co-relate the self concept and adjustment among B.Sc. nursing students. Quantitative approach and descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. A total of 90 samples were selected using non probability purposive sampling technique. The tools used for the study comprised of 3 sections, section A demographic data, Section B includes self concept questionnaire developed by the investigator which includes 21 questions. Section C includes adjustment questionnaire which includes 25 questions. The data was collected and the analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study findings reveals that among 90 samples taken for the study it is known that 15 (16.7%) students had moderate level of self concept, 75 (83.3%) had good level of self concept. Considering the adjustment level, 14 (15.6%) reported good level of adjustment; 60 (66.7%) reported average level of adjustment and 16 (17.7%) had unsatisfactory level and the findings also revealed that there was a significant relationship between self concept and adjustment level at p=0.495.

Keywords: Self Concept; Adjustment; Relationship; Adoloscent.

The paper highlights relevance of radio in the marginalized communities with specific reference to women. With the advancement of 21st century, the position of women is also changing at a fast pace. The country’s overall development rests greatly on the inclusion of women in its development programs. Community radio plays an important role in the lives of women as it creates awareness, provides information, improves their abilities and empowers them. The women in the target area lack knowledge about preserving the good environment for future generation and about their good health which are the essence of the day. Hence, a study was conducted with an objective to assess the listening habits of women, living in the resettlement colonies, about environment and health programs. The research findings show that women are listening to the radio, but for entertainment and not for information. However, women are willing to contribute and participate in the community radio stations.

Keywords: Community Radio; Listening Habits; Marginalized Communities; Radio Station; Resettlement Colonies; Empowerment. 

Menopause is an unspoken, unattended, reality of life, the cause of which is still deciphered completely by man. This phase of life is shrouded with lots of myths and taboos. During the transition to menopause, women may experience vasomotor, uro-genital, psycho-somatic and psychological symptoms as well as sexual dysfunction. The prevalence of each of these symptoms related to menopause varies across ethnic and socio economic groups. Early recognition of symptoms can help in reduction of discomfort and fears among the women. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of menopausal problems and to identify the strategies adopted by rural postmenopausal women to prevent the menopausal problems. Methodology: A cross sectional descriptive survey design was used to conduct the study at Government General Hospital, Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh. A total of 112 rural post menopausal women were selected by purposive sampling technique. Results: 63 percent of respondents had somatic symptoms, 58 percent uro-genital and 36 percent psychological symptoms. 64 percent had not adopted strategies and 36 percent adopted strategies to prevent menopausal problems. Conclusion: The prevalence of menopausal problems was very high and strategies adopted were less. The awareness about menopausal problems was inadequate necessitating to educate the rural post menopausal women to make them fully aware about menopausal phenomena.

Keywords: Menopause; Postmenopausal Women; Menopausal Problems. 

Introduction: Safe blood is a critical component in improving health care and in preventing the spread of infectious diseases globally. Millions of lives are saved each year through blood transfusions, yet the quality and safety of blood transfusion is still a concern particularly in the developing countries. Objective: To assess the attitude towards blood donation among Engineering students. Methodology: Quantitative research approach and descriptive research design was adopted for the study. The study was conducted among the undergraduate Engineering students of SRM University. A Total 150 Undergraduate Engineering students who fulfilled inclusion criteria. were selected as samples by adopting non probability purposive sampling technique. Three point Likert scale developed by the investigator was used for assessing the attitude of undergraduate students regarding blood donation. Results: Majority of the students (93.35%) had favorable attitude towards blood donation and 6.7% had moderately adequate attitude. Conclusion: Nurses need to take up the responsibilities to create awareness among the students about blood donation.

Keywords: Blood Donation; Attitude; Students; Health Care; Blood Transfusion. 

Nursing is a stressful profession. Caring for clients, individuals, families, groups, populations or entire communities, with multiple, complex and distressing problems can be overwhelming for even the most experienced person. Nurses regularly face emotionally charged situations and encounter intense interpersonal and inter professional situations and conflict in the workplace while trying to make appropriate and safe decisions. Research has shown that nursing is a high-risk occupation in respect of stress-related diseases.It is very essential to determine the magnitude of the problem and study the factors responsible for it. The aim of the study was to assess the level of occupational stress and coping strategies, to correlate the occupational stress with their coping strategies and to associate the occupational stress and coping strategies with their demographic variables among staff nurses. Quantitative approach and Non Experimental descriptive research design was used. The Study variables were Occupational stress and coping strategies. The study sample comprised of staff nurses working in SRM general hospital who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and the sample size was 100 staff Nurses. By using Non Probability Purposive Sampling technique they were Selected. The instrument Consist of two parts. Section A includes Selfadministered structured questionnaire to assess demographic variables such as age, sex, working experience, marital status, degree and work area and Section B consists of modified mental health professional stress scale questionnaire assess the nurse’s stress and coping strategies. The study was conducted at SRM General Hospital.Kattankulathur The data was analyzed and interpreted based on the objectives using descriptive and inferential Statistics. The Study concluded that 30% of staff nurses had mild occupational stress, 70% of staff nurses had severe occupational stress and 0% had moderate occupational stress. 12% of staff nurses had good coping strategies, 85% of staff nurses had average coping strategies and 3% of staff nurses had poor coping strategies and there is a significant negative correlation between stress and coping strategies. There is a significant association between the age and the level of occupational stress.

Keywords: Occupational Stress; Coping Strategies; Stress-Related Diseases; Staff Nurses.