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Bacteriological Profile of Urinary Tract Infections and their Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Dhanalakshmi TA , Venkatesha D

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Journal of Microbiology and Related Research 5(2):p 105-112, . | DOI: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/jmrr.2395.6623.5219.8
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Venkatesha D, Dhanalakshmi TA, Megha S, et al. Bacteriological Profile of Urinary Tract Infections and their Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns in a Tertiary Care Hospital. J Microbiol Relat Res. 2019;5(2):105-112.

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Abstract

Background: Changing trend in the causative agents of urinary tract infection (UTI) and their antibiogram requires area specific sensitivity data for formulation of empirical therapy guidelines. Aim: To determine the etiological agents of UTI and their susceptibility patterns. Setting and Study Design: Cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Microbiology of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: A total of 500 midstream clean catch urine specimens were subjected to culture and the isolates were identified by standard methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out by Kirby-Bauer Disc diffusion method. Staphylococcal isolates were tested for methicillin resistance and Gram negative bacilli (GNB) for extended spectrum beta lactamase production (ESBL) as per CLSI guidelines. Statistical analysis: The results were expressed in percentages and proportions. Results: Significant growth was noted in 44.2% of cases. E.coli was the most common isolate (41.2%) followed by Enterococcus species (19%). Majority of GNB were susceptible to Amikacin (73.6%). All Gram positive cocci (GPC) were sensitive to Vancomycin. Linezolid and Nitrofurantoin sensitivity was seen in 98.2% and 80.4% of GPC respectively. Methicillin resistant Co-agulase negative Staphylococci constituted 63.6% of Staphylococcal isolates. ESBL was detected in 7.4% of GNB. Conclusion: E.coli was the most common isolate. Amikacin can be considered for empirical treatment of GNB and Nitrofurantoin for GPC. Imipenem, Vancomycin and Linezolid should be used only after obtaining culture and sensitivity report. Higher methicillin resistance observed among Coagulase negative Staphylococci is an alarming sign.

Keywords: Antibiotic resistance; Amikacin; E.coli; Nitrofurantoin; Uropathogens.

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  • Dhanalakshmi TA
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  • Venkatesha D
    ,
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Venkatesha D, Dhanalakshmi TA, Megha S, et al. Bacteriological Profile of Urinary Tract Infections and their Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns in a Tertiary Care Hospital. J Microbiol Relat Res. 2019;5(2):105-112.

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DOI: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/jmrr.2395.6623.5219.8
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