International Journal of Pediatric Nursing

The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge regarding Air Pollutionand its impact on health among young adults studying in selected colleges of Delhi. Method: QuantitativeResearch with Exploratory research design was used. Structured questionnairewas used to assess the knowledge regarding Air Pollution. Quotasampling
was adopted to select 200 students from a selected University inNew Delhi. Results: Data was analyzed using Descriptive statistics. The findings showed that 94% of the samples had inadequate knowledge on Air Pollution and its impact on Health.Conclusion: Thepresent study revealed that majority of the samples were not aware about Air Pollution and its impact on health. Therefore, there is an urgent need to create awareness and sensitize people about Air Pollution.

Keywords: Air Pollution; Young Adults
 

A central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) is a laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infection (BSI) in a patient who had a central line within the 48 hour period before the development of the BSI, and that is not related to an infection at another site.Datas are collected by visiting concerned ICUs on daily basis and are reported. Dataanalyzed are reported as CLABSI rate. CLABSI can be prevented by adhering to infection control protocols such as hand hygiene and use of care bundles in ICUs.

Keywords: Surveillance; Central line associated blood stream infections.
 

Novel coronavirus is a new strain of coronavirus that emerged from zoonosis of Coronaviridae family which causes severe disease in humans among all the nations of the world. The virus can spread from humans to humans through either droplet or contact transmission. An individual can show symptoms after exposure within 1-14 days with an average of around 5-6 days. Some of the manifestations are fever, dry cough, aches and pains, sore throat and severe breathing difficulty. There is no vaccine available at present but the treatment should be focused upon managing symptoms. Without proper drugs or vaccines to treat, preventive measures such as proper hand washing, respiratory etiquette, social distancing and other WHO recommended methods of community care have become mandatory to fight the pandemic. It has led all the nations around the world to lock down the cities and towns demanding the citizens to stay at home. This article throws emphasis on the preventive measures of COVID - 19 in children.

Keywords: COVID – 19; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2; Child care; Hand washing; Respiratory etiquette; Social distancing.
 

A descriptive study to assess the knowledge on child sexual abuse among mothers of mentally challenged children in a selected special school in Eritrea, Africawith the objective (1) to assess the knowledge on child sexual abuse among mothers of mentally challenged children. 2) To find out the association between knowledge of mentally challenged children’s mothers regarding child sexual abuse with selected demographic variables. 3) To develop and administer an information booklet regarding child sexual abuse among mothers of mentally challenged child. Convenience sampling technique was used to select 30 samples .The questionnaire has administered on mothers
regarding child sexual abuse. The findings of the study were: Majority of the samples 16.6% of respondents were in the age group of 18-25 years, 26.6% were in the age group of 25-35, 13.3% were in the age group of 35-45 years and 43.3% were in the age group of above 45 years. Then 20% of mothers had 3 child, 60% mothers had 5 children, 20% mothers had more than 5 children.43.3% mothers were illiterate,46.6% mothers were secondary, 6.6% mothers were higher secondary , and 3.3% mothers were graduate. Then 83.3% mothers were housewife, 16.6% mothers were employee. In the knowledge area36.7% samples have a poor knowledge regarding child sexual abuse and 53.3% samples have average knowledge regarding child sexual abuse and 10% samples have a good knowledge regarding child sexual abuse.

Keywords: child abuse, mentally challenged, knowledge, mothers.
 

Surgery creates a series of traumatic and stressful events in children. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of a multimedia educational programme on anxiety, pain intensity and selected post-operative complications among children undergoing elective abdominal surgery. The study was conducted in a Tertiary care Hospital, Ernakulam, Kerala. Experimental pre-test post test control group design was adopted for the study. Purposive sampling was adopted and the children between the age group of seven and fifteen years were randomly and equally assigned to control (n=50) and experimental (n=50) conditions. Multimedia educational programme was given to each of the parent- child dyad in the experimental group and the control group received routine care. Tools used were anxiety rating scale, numeric pain rating scale, respiratory and wound assessment scales. Findings of the study revealed that the baseline variables were homogeneously distributed in both the groups. There was a significant
reduction in anxiety (post test 1 t= 3.90 p< 0.001, post-test 2, t= -3.86 p,0.0001) and pain intensity (p< 0.0001, Mann Whitney U 124.50) of children in the experimental group. It also found a significant improvement of respiratory status (p< 0.0001, Mann Whitney U 365.50) and wound status (p< 0.0001, Mann Whitney U 345.50) of children in the experimental group. There was a significant association of pre-test anxiety of children undergoingelective abdominal surgery with gender (χ2 =7.70, p, <.05) .The results suggests that providing multimedia educational programme for children along with their parents had significantly reduced anxiety at various points of time, pain intensity and thereby preventing respiratory and wound infections.

Keywords: Anxiety; Children; Multimedia; Pain; Surgery.
 

Newborn period encompasses the first 4 weeks of extra-uterine life. It is an important link in the chain of events from conception to adulthood. The physical and mental well being of an individual depends on the correct management of events in perinatal period. Newborns need a special care and intensive monitoring and support during this critical period of adaptation. It is possible to increase perinatal survival and quality of human life through prompt and adequate management of newborn.1 Aim: To assess the effectiveness of planned teaching on knowledge regarding newborn care among primi mothers. Objectives:- • To assess the knowledge regarding newborn care among primi mothers. • To assess the effectiveness of planned teaching on knowledge regarding newborn care among primi mothers. • To associate the findings with selected demographic variables. Material and Methods: Research approach used for this study was an evaluative approach with one group pretest and posttest design, Population was Primi mothers in the A.V.B.R. Hospital, Sawangi (M), total 60 samples were selected by
using non-probability Convenient sampling technique. Result: The Pretest mean knowledge score was 6.22 and the post test mean knowledge score was 14.02. The tabulated’ values was 2.00 (df=59) which is less than the calculated’ i.e. 25.51 at 5% level of significance. Also the calculated ‘p’=0.001 which was much less than the acceptable level of significance i.e. ‘p’=0.05. Hence it is interpreted that there is significant difference in knowledge score at pre and posttest of primi mothers regarding newborn care. Conclusion: The structure planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding newborn care among primi mothers was effective.

Keywords: Structured teaching programme; Newborn care; Primi mothers.
 

Aim: To assess the parental and peer attachment and its correlation with aggressivity among late adolescents. Introduction: Parent- adolescent relationship continues to play a key role in influencing the adolescent’s development. Attachment is a basic human need for a close and intimate relationship between adolescents and their parents. The impact of peers, whether positive or negative, is of crucial importance for personality development during adolescence. Objective: To assess and correlate parental & peer attachment with aggressivity among late adolescents. Methodology: A correlational research design was used to assess the level of parental & peer attachment with aggressivity among late adolescents (200), selected by convenience sampling technique, studying in selected nursing colleges of Ludhiana, Punjab. Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment was used to assess the level of parental
and per attachment and Aggression Questionnaire was used to assess the level of aggressivity. Result: Findings revealed that the 97.5% of late adolecents had secure maternal attachment & only 2.5% had insecure maternal attachment and 93.5% had secure paternal attachment while 6.5% showed insecure paternal attachment. In case of peer attachment, 99% of late adolescents showed secure peer attachment and 1% showed insecure peer attachment. Regarding aggressivity, 53.5% late adolescents had severe level of aggressivity, 44.5% had moderate level and only 2% had mild levels. There was no correlation between maternal attachment and aggressivity however, weak positive correlation was found between peer attachment and aggressivity and very weak positive correlation was found between paternal attachment and aggressivity. The association of level of parental attachment, peer attachment and aggressivity was found significant with gender.Conclusion: Thus, the study concluded that there was very weak
positive correlation between paternal attachment and aggressivity and there was weak positive correlation between peer attachment and aggressivity whereas there was no correlation between maternal attachment and aggressivity.

Keywords: Maternal attachment; Paternal attachment; Peer attachment; Aggressivity.
 

Background: Malnutrition related diseases are posing a great threat globally, it is an increasing trend globally and India is not an exemption. The mothers have less knowledge about malnutrition and its prevention. The present study aims to assess the Effectiveness of structured teaching program regarding malnutrition and its prevention among mothers residing in selected rural areas at Bedla of Udaipur district. Method: Quantitative Pre-experimental research design was selected to conduct study. Only 64 mothers of under five children were selected as samples based on exclusion and inclusion criteria through non probability convenient sampling techniques. Results: The mean pre-test knowledge of mothers of under five children was 10.59 ± 2.19, whereas mean post-test knowledge of mothers of under five children was 20.15± 1.86. The findings revealed that structure teaching program was statistically effective (t = 36.83* p-value- 0.0001*) and the association between pre-test knowledge and selected demographic variables of mothers of under five children such as age (χ2 = 9.83, p-value -0.02*), educational status (χ2 = 15.03, p-value-0.0001*), monthly family income (χ2 = 14.16, p-value 0.002*), and previous knowledge regarding malnutrition (χ 2 =4.89, p-value- 0.02*) were statistically significant. Conclusion: The structured teaching program was effective in enhancing the knowledge of mothers of under five children about malnutrition and its prevention.

Keywords: Malnutrition; Mothers of under five children; Structured Teaching Program.
 

Introduction: Increasing attention is being paid to a variety of non-pharmacological interventions for reduction of preoperative anxiety such as music therapy, music medicine interventions, and visual imagery technique for the children undergoing surgeries. Method: Randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess the effectiveness of music therapy with conventional intervention on preoperative anxiety with total 24 children undergoing surgeries, aged between 4 to 12 years. Samples were equally distributed to 2 groups (12 in each group). Experimental group received prerecorded instrumental music for 15 to 30 minutes duration minimum 3 times a day, along with conventional interventions and control group received conventional interventions. Hamilton anxiety rating scale was used to measure the preoperative anxiety level. Data was computed in SPSS-16 Result: The mean and SD score of pre and post test in experimental group and control group was 7 ±3.43, 1.67 ±2.06 and 19.67 ±14.88, 19.08 ±12.12 respectively. The percentage of effect was 76.1 % and 2.89% in experimental and control group respectively. The effect size of the music therapy was 1.88. (Cohen’sD). So the intervention was effective in reducing anxiety level of the children preoperatively. Conclusion: The music therapy could be passive or active type but if it is based on child preference it will have very good impact on reducing anxiety level of the child and it will keep the children relaxed before going to surgery.

Keywords: Music therapy conventional interventions, preoperative anxiety and children undergoing surgeries.