Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease which is caused by impaired transmission of signalsat neuromuscular junction and results in problem with muscle contraction. At neuromuscular junction neurotransmitter acetylcholine is released by nerve ends which binds to the receptor at surface of muscle cells. The patients with MG the acetylcholine receptors are blocked or destroyed or altered by its own antibodies and interrupts the communication between nerve cells and muscle cells. MG includes symptoms like weaken muscles, tiredness by any regular work e.g. chopping vegetables, movement of eye, drooping of eyelids and double vision. MG is classified in five types out of which the two main forms are ocular and generalized myasthenia gravis.
Diagnosis and treatment of MG can be done by various process. MG preferably affects young women on their20s and 30s and old men after their 60s.

Keywords: Acetylcholine; Autoimmune disease; Myasthenia gravis; Neuromuscular junction.
 

In the current scenario viral diseases continue to emerge a serious public health hazards. Viruses are parasite like molecules that cannot reproduce by itself, for the production of number of viruses it requires cell machinery. Coronaviruses (CoVs) (order Nidovirales, family Coronaviridae, and subfamily Coronavirinae) are a positive sense, single-stranded RNA genome of 26 to 32 kilobases (kb) in length, and enveloped viruses. It genomes is largest in RNA viruses. Many diagnostic tests for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are available so far. An RTPCR test is considered very reliable because it detects less number of virus particles in swabs. D-dimer one of the markers of inflammation, its levels were higher in COVID-19 patients. In this review we discuss about the various diagnostic test for corona virus and their reliability

Keywords: Coronaviruses; Diagnosis; RT-PCR; D-Dimer; Prognosis
 

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are becoming major cause of deaths in India. Ischemic heart disease and stroke are the are major responsible among the deaths of CVDs. As per the Global Burden of Disease study the CVD death rate of 272 per 100000 populations in India is higher as compared to the global average of 235 per 100000 populations. The markers of various diseases always attract researchers for development of technologies. These technologies are then helpful for the early diagnosis of diseases. The markers of CVDs enable the doctor to diagnose the onset of disease and start its management. Diagnostics measures of Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) or aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) enzymatic activities are good indicator of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Enzymatic assessment and myoglobin findings slowly replacing with assessment of cardiac
troponins (I and T) and its high sensitivity versions are leading to help in acute myocardial infarction Diagnostics. Many tests were performed to assess the severity of the heart failure in case of recent onset of heart attack but more emphasis is on the development of markers which can be used in cardiovascular disease prevention and reduced
risk of cardiovascular disease.3 The cardiac troponins is mostly used as cardiac markers for the diagnostics for Acute coronary syndrome and
MI patient with elevated troponin levels but negative creatine kinase - MB (CK - MB) use in diagnosed in unstable
angina or minor myocardial injury.2

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH); Creatine kinase (CK); Cardiac troponins (I andT)